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FCSys.Characteristics.Examples

Examples

Information

Extends from Modelica.Icons.ExamplesPackage (Icon for packages containing runnable examples).

Package Content

NameDescription
FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Correlations Correlations Evaluate the material properties over varying temperature and pressure
FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Properties Properties Model that implements the functions of the Characteristic package
FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.SaturationPressure SaturationPressure Evaluate the saturation pressure curve of H2O
FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.HydrationLevel HydrationLevel Evaluate the equilibrium hydration of the ionomer as a function of relative humidity
FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.CellPotential CellPotential Evaluate the potential of an H2/O2 cell as a function of temperature
FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Leverett Leverett Evaluate the Leverett J function from [Wang2001]
FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.LatentHeat LatentHeat Evaluate the latent heat of vaporization of H2O
FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.MobilityFactors MobilityFactors Test the mobility factors
FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.SurfaceTension SurfaceTension Evaluate the surface tension of H2O using the model of Garai

FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Correlations FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Correlations

Evaluate the material properties over varying temperature and pressure FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Correlations

Information

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
TemperatureAbsoluteT_start273.15*U.KInitial temperature [L2.M/(N.T2)]
TemperatureAbsoluteT_stop373.15*U.KFinal temperature [L2.M/(N.T2)]
PressureAbsolutep_startU.atmInitial pressure [M/(L.T2)]
PressureAbsolutep_stopU.atmFinal pressure [M/(L.T2)]

Modelica definition

model Correlations 
  "Evaluate the material properties over varying temperature and pressure"
  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;

  parameter Q.TemperatureAbsolute T_start=273.15*U.K "Initial temperature";
  parameter Q.TemperatureAbsolute T_stop=373.15*U.K "Final temperature";
  parameter Q.PressureAbsolute p_start=U.atm "Initial pressure";
  parameter Q.PressureAbsolute p_stop=U.atm "Final pressure";

  // Property models
  PropertiesRT 'C+'(redeclare package Data = Characteristics.'C+'.Graphite);
  PropertiesRT 'SO3-'(redeclare package Data = Characteristics.'SO3-'.Ionomer);
  PropertiesRT 'e-'(redeclare package Data = Characteristics.'e-'.Graphite);
  PropertiesRT 'H+'(redeclare package Data = Characteristics.'H+'.Ionomer);
  PropertiesRT H2(redeclare package Data = FCSys.Characteristics.H2.Gas);
  PropertiesRT H2IG(redeclare package Data = FCSys.Characteristics.H2.Gas (b_v=[
            1], n_v={-1,0})) "H2 as ideal gas";
  PropertiesRT H2O(redeclare package Data = FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.Gas);
  // Note that H2O.p diverges from p in Dymola 2014 due to the large
  // coefficients in the second row of H2O.Data.b_v, which cause numerical
  // errors.
  PropertiesRT H2OLiquid(redeclare package Data = Characteristics.H2O.Liquid);
  PropertiesRT N2(redeclare package Data = FCSys.Characteristics.N2.Gas);
  PropertiesRT O2(redeclare package Data = FCSys.Characteristics.O2.Gas);

  // Conditions

protected 
  Connectors.RealOutputInternal T(unit="L2.M/(N.T2)",displayUnit="K") 
    "Temperature";
  Connectors.RealOutputInternal p(unit="M/(L.T2)") "Pressure";

protected 
  Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp rampTemperature(
    final height=T_stop - T_start,
    final offset=T_start,
    duration=1);
  Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp rampPressure(
    final height=p_stop - p_start,
    final offset=p_start,
    duration=1);

"FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Properties, with round-trip pressure calculation"
    extends FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Properties;

    Q.PressureAbsolute p_RT=Data.p_Tv(T, v) if Data.isCompressible;

  end PropertiesRT;

equation 
  connect(rampTemperature.y, T);
  connect(rampPressure.y, p);

  connect(T, 'C+'.T);

  connect(p, 'C+'.p);

  connect(T, 'SO3-'.T);
  connect(p, 'SO3-'.p);

  connect(T, 'e-'.T);
  connect(p, 'e-'.p);

  connect(T, 'H+'.T);
  connect(p, 'H+'.p);

  connect(T, H2.T);
  connect(p, H2.p);

  connect(T, H2IG.T);
  connect(p, H2IG.p);

  connect(T, H2O.T);
  connect(p, H2O.p);

  connect(T, H2OLiquid.T);
  connect(p, H2OLiquid.p);

  connect(T, N2.T);
  connect(p, N2.p);

  connect(T, O2.T);
  connect(p, O2.p);
end Correlations;

FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Properties FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Properties

Model that implements the functions of the Characteristic package FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Properties

Information

Extends from FCSys.Icons.Blocks.ContinuousShort (Short icon for a continuous block).

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
replaceable package DataCharacteristics.BaseClasses….Characteristic data

Connectors

TypeNameDescription
replaceable package DataCharacteristic data
input RealInputTTemperature [L2.M/(N.T2)]
input RealInputpPressure [M/(L.T2)]

Modelica definition

model Properties 
  "Model that implements the functions of the Characteristic package"
  extends FCSys.Icons.Blocks.ContinuousShort;

  replaceable package Data = Characteristics.BaseClasses.Characteristic 
    constrainedby Characteristics.BaseClasses.Characteristic 
    "Characteristic data";

  Connectors.RealInput T(unit="L2.M/(N.T2)") "Temperature";
  Connectors.RealInput p(unit="M/(L.T2)") "Pressure";

  Q.MassSpecific m "Specific mass";
  Q.LengthSpecific d "Specific diameter";
  Q.VolumeSpecific v "Specific volume";
  Q.CapacityThermalSpecific c_p "Isobaric specific heat capacity";
  Q.CapacityThermalSpecific c_v "Isobaric specific heat capacity";
  Q.Potential g "Gibbs potential";
  Q.Potential h "Specific enthalpy";
  Q.NumberAbsolute s "Specific entropy";
  Q.Resistivity eta "Fluidity";
  Q.ResistivityThermal theta "Thermal resistivity";
  Q.PressureReciprocal beta "Isothermal compressibility";
  Q.TimeAbsolute tauprime "Phase change interval";
  Q.Mobility mu "Mobility";
  Q.TimeAbsolute nu "Thermal independity";

equation 
  m = Data.m;
  d = Data.m;
  v = Data.v_Tp(T, p);
  c_p = Data.c_p(T, p);
  c_v = Data.c_v(T, p);
  g = Data.g(T, p);
  h = Data.h(T, p);
  s = Data.s(T, p);
  eta = Data.eta(T, v);
  theta = Data.theta(T, v);
  beta = Data.beta(T, p);
  tauprime = Data.tauprime(T, v);
  mu = Data.mu(T, v);
  nu = Data.nu(T, v);
end Properties;

FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.SaturationPressure FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.SaturationPressure

Evaluate the saturation pressure curve of H2O FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.SaturationPressure

Information

See also Subregions.Examples.PhaseChange.Evaporation.

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Modelica definition

model SaturationPressure 
  "Evaluate the saturation pressure curve of H2O"
  import FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.Liquid;
  import FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.Gas;
  package IdealGas = FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.Gas (b_v=[1], n_v={-1,0});

  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;

  Q.TemperatureAbsolute T "Temperature";
  Q.PressureAbsolute p_sat(start=U.kPa) 
    "Saturation pressure via chemical equilibrium";
  Q.PressureAbsolute p_sat_IG(start=U.kPa) 
    "Saturation pressure of ideal gas via chemical equilibrium";
  output Q.PressureAbsolute p_sat_MSL=Characteristics.H2O.p_sat(T) 
    "Saturation pressure via Modelica.Media";
  output Q.Number T_degC=U.to_degC(T) "Temperature in degree Celsius";

  Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp temperatureSet(
    height=99*U.K,
    duration=10,
    offset=274.15*U.K);

equation 
  T = temperatureSet.y;
  Liquid.g(T, p_sat) = Gas.g(T, p_sat);
  Liquid.g(T, p_sat_IG) = IdealGas.g(T, p_sat_IG);

end SaturationPressure;

FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.HydrationLevel FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.HydrationLevel

Evaluate the equilibrium hydration of the ionomer as a function of relative humidity FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.HydrationLevel

Information

See also Subregions.Examples.PhaseChange.Hydration.

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Modelica definition

model HydrationLevel 
  "Evaluate the equilibrium hydration of the ionomer as a function of relative humidity"
  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
  import Absorbed = FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.Ionomer;
  package Gas = FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.Gas (b_v=[1], n_v={-1,0});
  import Solid = FCSys.Characteristics.'SO3-'.Ionomer;
  import FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.p_sat;

  Q.Number RH "Relative humidity";
  output Q.Number lambda=Solid.v_Tp()/Absorbed.v_Tp(environment.T, p_abs) 
    "Hydration due to chemical equilibrium";
  output Q.Number lambda_Springer=FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.lambda_eq(RH) if 
    environment.analysis "Hydration according to Springer et al. correlation";
  Q.PressureAbsolute p_abs "H2O pressure in the ionomer";

  Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp humiditySet(
    height=-0.999,
    offset=1,
    duration=10) "Set the relative humidity";

  inner Conditions.Environment environment(T=303.15*U.K);

equation 
  RH = humiditySet.y;
  Absorbed.g(environment.T, p_abs) = Gas.g(environment.T, RH*p_sat(environment.T));

end HydrationLevel;

FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.CellPotential FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.CellPotential

Evaluate the potential of an H2/O2 cell as a function of temperature FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.CellPotential

Information

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Modelica definition

model CellPotential 
  "Evaluate the potential of an H2/O2 cell as a function of temperature"
  import FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.Liquid;
  import H2O = FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.Gas;
  import H2 = FCSys.Characteristics.H2.Gas;
  import O2 = FCSys.Characteristics.O2.Gas;
  import H2OLiquid = FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.Liquid;
  package H2OIG = FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.Gas (b_v=[1], n_v={-1,0});
  package O2IG = FCSys.Characteristics.O2.Gas (b_v=[1], n_v={-1,0});
  package H2IG = FCSys.Characteristics.H2.Gas (b_v=[1], n_v={-1,0});

  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;

  output Real T_degC=U.to_degC(T) "Temperature in deg C";
  output Q.Potential w_gas=0.5*H2.g(T, environment.p_dry) + 0.25*O2.g(T,
      environment.p_O2) - 0.5*H2O.g(T, environment.p_H2O) 
    "Cell potential with H2O as gas";
  output Q.Potential w_IG=0.5*H2IG.g(T, environment.p_dry) + 0.25*O2IG.g(T,
      environment.p_O2) - 0.5*H2OIG.g(T, environment.p_H2O) 
    "Cell potential with ideal gases";
  output Q.Potential w_liq=0.5*H2.g(T, environment.p_dry) + 0.25*O2.g(T,
      environment.p_O2) - 0.5*H2OLiquid.g(T, environment.p) 
    "Cell potential with H2O as liquid";

  Q.TemperatureAbsolute T "Temperature";

  Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp temperatureSet(
    height=99*U.K,
    duration=10,
    offset=274.15*U.K);

  inner Conditions.Environment environment;

equation 
  T = temperatureSet.y;

end CellPotential;

FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Leverett FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Leverett

Evaluate the Leverett J function from [Wang2001] FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Leverett

Information

Please see H2O.J().

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Modelica definition

model Leverett 
  "Evaluate the Leverett J function from [Wang2001]"
  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;

  output Q.NumberAbsolute s=saturationSet.y "Liquid saturation";
  output Q.NumberAbsolute J=FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.J(s) 
    "Result of Leverett correlation";

  Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp saturationSet(height=1, duration=1) 
    "Set the saturation";

  inner Conditions.Environment environment(T=303.15*U.K);

end Leverett;

FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.LatentHeat FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.LatentHeat

Evaluate the latent heat of vaporization of H2O FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.LatentHeat

Information

See also Subregions.Examples.PhaseChange.Condensation.

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
PressureAbsolutepU.atmPressure of the liquid (and total pressure of the gas) [M/(L.T2)]

Modelica definition

model LatentHeat 
  "Evaluate the latent heat of vaporization of H2O"
  import FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.Liquid;
  import FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.Gas;

  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;

  parameter Q.PressureAbsolute p(displayUnit="atm") = U.atm 
    "Pressure of the liquid (and total pressure of the gas)";
  Q.PressureAbsolute p_sat(displayUnit="atm") "Saturation pressure";
  Q.TemperatureAbsolute T "Temperature";
  output Q.Number T_degC=U.to_degC(T) "Temperature in degree Celsius";
  output Q.Potential h_g(displayUnit="J/mol") = Gas.h(T, p_sat) 
    "Specific enthalpy of the saturated vapor";
  output Q.Potential h_l(displayUnit="J/mol") = Liquid.h(T, p) 
    "Specific enthalpy of the liquid";
  output Q.Potential h_gl(displayUnit="J/mol") = h_g - h_l 
    "Specific enthalpy of vaporization";
  output Q.Velocity2 hbar_gl(displayUnit="J/g") = h_gl/Liquid.m 
    "Massic enthalpy of vaporization";

  Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp temperatureSet(
    height=99*U.K,
    duration=10,
    offset=274.15*U.K);

equation 
  T = temperatureSet.y;
  Gas.g(T, p_sat) = Liquid.g(T, p);

end LatentHeat;

FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.MobilityFactors FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.MobilityFactors

Test the mobility factors

Information

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Modelica definition

model MobilityFactors "Test the mobility factors"
  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
  import FCSys.Characteristics.MobilityFactors.*;

  output Q.NumberAbsolute H2_H2O=k_H2_H2O() "Between H2 and H2O";
  output Q.NumberAbsolute H2O_N2=k_H2O_N2() "Between H2O and N2";
  output Q.NumberAbsolute H2O_O2=k_H2O_O2() "Between H2O and O2";
  output Q.NumberAbsolute N2_O2=k_N2_O2() "Between N2 and O2";
end MobilityFactors;

FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.SurfaceTension FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.SurfaceTension

Evaluate the surface tension of H2O using the model of Garai FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.SurfaceTension

Information

See also Subregions.Examples.PhaseChange.Condensation.

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
PressureAbsolutepU.atmPressure of the liquid (and total pressure of the gas) [M/(L.T2)]

Modelica definition

model SurfaceTension 
  "Evaluate the surface tension of H2O using the model of Garai"
  import FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.Liquid;
  import FCSys.Characteristics.H2O.Gas;

  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;

  parameter Q.PressureAbsolute p(displayUnit="atm") = U.atm 
    "Pressure of the liquid (and total pressure of the gas)";
  Q.PressureAbsolute p_sat(displayUnit="atm") "Saturation pressure";
  Q.TemperatureAbsolute T "Temperature";
  Q.TemperatureAbsolute T_sat(start=373.15*U.K) "Saturation temperature";
  output Q.Number T_degC=U.to_degC(T) "Temperature in degree Celsius";
  output Q.Potential h_gl(displayUnit="J/mol") = Gas.h(T, p_sat) - Liquid.h(T,
    p) "Specific enthalpy of vaporization";
  output Q.SurfaceTension gamma=(h_gl - T_sat)/(2*U.pi*Liquid.d^2*U.q) 
    "Surface tension";

  Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp temperatureSet(
    height=99*U.K,
    duration=10,
    offset=274.15*U.K);

equation 
  T = temperatureSet.y;
  Gas.g(T_sat, p) = Liquid.g(T_sat, p);
  Gas.g(T, p_sat) = Liquid.g(T, p);

end SurfaceTension;

FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Correlations.PropertiesRT FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Correlations.PropertiesRT

FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Properties, with round-trip pressure calculation FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Correlations.PropertiesRT

Information

Extends from FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Properties (Model that implements the functions of the Characteristic package).

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
replaceable package DataCharacteristics.BaseClasses….Characteristic data

Connectors

TypeNameDescription
input RealInputTTemperature [L2.M/(N.T2)]
input RealInputpPressure [M/(L.T2)]

Modelica definition

model PropertiesRT 
  "FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Properties, with round-trip pressure calculation"
  extends FCSys.Characteristics.Examples.Properties;

  Q.PressureAbsolute p_RT=Data.p_Tv(T, v) if Data.isCompressible;

end PropertiesRT;
Copyright © 2007–2014, Kevin Davies, Hawaii Natural Energy Institute. Last updated Thu Jan 23 09:07:03 2014.